Abstract:
This study provides a comprehensive computational analysis of the thermal performance of water and nanofluids—specifically aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) and graphene—in a helical coil heat exchanger system. Using CATIA for detailed geometric modeling and ANSYS Fluent for fluid flow and thermal simulations, the investigation centers on how these working fluids behave under varying flow conditions. The study emphasizes methodological accuracy by conducting a mesh convergence analysis, optimizing the computational grid to ensure reliable results while minimizing processing time. To validate the simulation outcomes, particularly the outlet temperature values, the study compares its results against established findings from previous experimental research. Flow rates of 120 LPH, 240 LPH, 360 LPH, and 420 LPH are analyzed to understand the impact of velocity on thermal performance, offering a dynamic range of insights into fluid behavior in the heat exchanger.
The thermal efficiency of nanofluids is further evaluated by introducing Al₂O₃ and graphene nanoparticles at concentrations of 2%, 4%, and 6%. Critical parameters including heat transfer coefficient, Nusselt number, friction factor, and pressure distribution are calculated to compare the thermal performance of the nanofluids against that of pure water. Results show that both types of nanofluids enhance the heat transfer rate compared to water, with graphene nanofluids outperforming Al₂O₃ in terms of thermal efficiency at all concentrations. However, the study also notes an increase in pressure drop and friction factor with the use of nanofluids, indicating a trade-off that must be balanced for practical implementation. These insights are particularly valuable for industries such as medical device manufacturing, where efficient thermal management is critical. The findings contribute to the growing body of knowledge on nanofluids, reinforcing their potential as advanced heat transfer agents in next-generation cooling systems.
Aim:
The primary aim of this study is to develop an advanced and flexible helical coil heat exchanger system optimized for medical applications by integrating nanofluids to significantly enhance heat transfer efficiency. By leveraging the superior thermal conductivity properties of nanofluids such as Al₂O₃ and graphene, the study seeks to improve the cooling capabilities of medical devices, which are often subject to stringent thermal management requirements. Numerical simulations, performed using computational tools like CATIA and ANSYS Fluent, will play a critical role in accurately predicting heat transfer rates under various flow and thermal conditions. These simulations will be validated through comparison with experimental data to ensure precision and reliability. The overarching goal is to fuse innovative fluid mechanics with optimized geometrical design, ultimately delivering a robust heat exchanger system that elevates the performance, safety, and operational stability of temperature-sensitive medical equipment.
Objectives:
- The first phase of this research involves a comprehensive review of experimental studies on helical coil heat exchangers, specifically focusing on their thermal performance across diverse applications. The review aims to highlight the behavior of these systems under various operating conditions by analyzing key heat transfer parameters such as the Nusselt number, pressure drop, and fluid flow characteristics. Through this evaluation, the study will draw insights from previous experimental setups, measurement techniques, and observed thermal behavior to establish a foundation for improved understanding and benchmarking. These findings will be instrumental in identifying gaps in current research, guiding simulation model development, and ensuring that the helical coil system designed in this study aligns with proven thermodynamic principles and practical performance indicators.
- Building upon the insights gained from the literature review, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model will be developed to simulate the heat transfer behavior within a helical coil system using nanofluids. This model will employ a multiphase approach to accurately represent the interaction between the base fluid and the dispersed nanoparticles, capturing the enhanced thermal conductivity and fluid dynamics unique to nanofluids. By simulating parameters such as temperature distribution, velocity fields, and turbulence effects within the helical coil, the CFD model will allow for precise predictions of system performance under varied flow conditions and nanofluid concentrations. The incorporation of realistic nanofluid properties ensures the model’s relevance to practical applications, enabling a deeper understanding of how geometric and operating factors affect heat transfer efficiency in a helical coil setup.
